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{{Other uses|The Thirty (disambiguation){{!}}The Thirty}}
{{Infobox number
| number = 30
| numeral = [[trigesimal]]
| divisor = 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30
}}
'''30''' ('''thirty''') is the [[natural number]] following [[29 (number)|29]] and preceding [[31 (number)|31]].

==In mathematics==
30 is the sum of the first four squares, which makes it a [[square pyramidal number]].

[[File:Square pyramidal number.svg|400px]]

It is a [[primorial]] and is the smallest [[Giuga number]].

30 is the smallest [[sphenic number]], and the smallest of the form <math>2\cdot 3\cdot r</math> where ''r'' is a prime greater than 3. 30 has an [[aliquot sum]] of 42; the second [[sphenic number]] and all [[sphenic numbers]] of this form have an [[aliquot sum]] 12 greater than themselves. The [[aliquot sequence]] of 30 is 16 members long, it comprises (30,42,54,66,78,90,144,259,45,33,15,9,4,3,1,0)

Thirty has but one number{{cn|date=September 2011}} for which it is the [[aliquot sum]]: the [[square number]] 841.

Adding up some subsets of its divisors (e.g., 5, 10 and 15) gives 30, hence 30 is a [[semiperfect number]].

30 is the largest number such that all [[coprime]]s smaller than itself, except for 1, are [[prime number|prime]].<ref>Michael Slone, [http://planetmath.org/everypositiveintegergreaterthan30hasatleastonecompositetotative Every positive integer greater than 30 has at least one composite totative] from [[PlanetMath]]. Accessed 24 April 2007</ref>

A [[polygon]] with thirty sides is called a [[triacontagon]].

The [[icosahedron]] and the [[dodecahedron]] are [[Platonic solid]]s with 30 edges. The [[icosidodecahedron]] is an [[Archimedean solid]] with 30 vertices, and the [[Tutte–Coxeter graph]] is a [[symmetric graph]] with 30 vertices.

[[E8 (mathematics)|''E''8]] has [[Coxeter number]] 30.

30 is a [[Harshad number]].

Since any group ''G'' such that |''G''| = ''p''''n''''m'', where ''p'' does not divide ''m'', has a subgroup of order ''p''''n'', and 30 is the only number less than 60 that is not either a prime or of the above form, it is the only candidate for the order of a [[simple group]] less than 60 that one needs other methods to reject.

{{wiktionary|thirty}}

==In science==
* The [[atomic number]] of [[zinc]] is 30

===Astronomy===
*[[Messier object]] [[Messier 30|M30]], a [[visual magnitude|magnitude]] 8.5 [[globular cluster]] in the [[constellation]] [[Capricornus (constellation)|Capricornus]]
*The [[New General Catalogue]] object [[NGC 30]], a double star in the constellation [[Pegasus (constellation)|Pegasus]]
*The [[Saros number|Saros]] number of the [[solar eclipse]] series which began on October 2, 2069 BC and ended on March 18, 572 BC. The duration of Saros series 30 was 1496.5 years, and it contained 84 solar eclipses. Further, the Saros number of the [[lunar eclipse]] series which began on June 19, 1803 BC and ended on August 18, 487 BC. The duration of Saros series 30 was 1316.2 years, and it contained 74 lunar eclipses.

==In other fields==
'''Thirty''' is:
* Used (as [[–30–]]) to indicate the end of a newspaper (or broadcast) story, a copy editor's typographical notation.
* The number of days in the months April, June, September and November (and in unusual circumstances February—see [[February 30]])
* The number of cars in the ''[[F-Zero]]'' franchise.
*The total number of major and minor keys in Western [[tonal music]], including enharmonic equivalents
* The minimum age for United States senators
* In years of marriage, the pearl [[wedding anniversary]]
* The duration in years of the [[Thirty Years' War]] - 1618 to 1648.
* The [[code for international direct dial]] phone calls to [[Greece]]
* The house number of [[30 St Mary Axe]] (The Gherkin)
* The designation of [[Interstate 30]], a freeway that runs from [[Texas]] to [[Arkansas]]
* The designation of [[U.S. Route 30]], a highway that runs from [[Oregon]] to [[New Jersey]]
* Various other routes have been numbered "30"; for example, [[New York State Route 30]] which runs from the Pennsylvania border to the Canadian border
* The designation of [[European route E30|E30]], the European route from [[Cork (city)|Cork]] to [[Samara, Russia|Samara]]
* The number of tracks on [[The Beatles]]' eponymous [[album]], usually known as ''[[The White Album]]''
* A stage in [[young adult (psychology)|young adulthood]]
* Part of the name of:
** ''[[30 Odd Foot of Grunts]]'', the band fronted by actor [[Russell Crowe]]
** The movie title ''[[13 Going on 30]]'', starring [[Jennifer Garner]]
** The title of the [[Food Network]] [[television show|show]] ''[[30 Minute Meals]]''
** ''[[30 Days of Night]]'', a comic book miniseries and [[30 Days of Night (film)|film]].
*[[Judas Iscariot]] betrayed [[Jesus]] for [[Thirty pieces of silver|30 pieces of silver]]. [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] 26:15.
*The number of the French department [[Gard]]
* 30 was the route number of the bus blown up by terrorists in [[Tavistock Square]] during the [[7 July 2005 London bombings]]<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/05_06_06_london_bombing.pdf Report of the 7 July Review Committee] Accessed 18 Dec 2011</ref>

==History and literature==
*At age 30 (according to most biblical scholars) [[Jesus]] of Nazareth was baptized by John the Baptist, at the beginning of his public ministry of teaching and healing.
*One of the rallying-cries of the 1960s student/youth protest movement was the slogan, 'Don't trust anyone over thirty'.
*In '[[The Myth of Sisyphus]]' the French existentialist [[Albert Camus]] comments that the age of thirty is a crucial period in the life of a man, for at that age he gains a new awareness of the meaning of time.
*In [[Franz Kafka]]'s novel 'The Trial' Joseph wakes up on the morning of his thirtieth birthday to find himself under arrest for an unspecified crime. After making many futile attempts to find the nature of the crime or the name of his accuser, Joseph dies on the eve of his thirty-first birthday.
*The number of uprights that formed the [[Sarsen Circle]] at [[Stonehenge]], also the supposed number of holes forming the arrays of [[Y and Z Holes]] at Stonehenge.
* Western Christianity's most prolific 20th century essayist, [[F. W. Boreham]] in 'Life at Thirty' ('Cliffs of Opal') mentions that in addition to Jesus commencing ministry at 30 (Luke 3:23), Joseph was 30 when he stood before Pharaoh, King of Egypt (Genesis 41:46), King David was 30 when he began to reign (2 Samuel 5:4), and the Levites were numbered from the age of 30 and upward (1 Chronicles 23:3). Also in that essay Boreham writes 'It was said of [the English poet] Keats, that "he ensphered himself in thirty perfect years and died, not young".'

==Sports==
*In tennis, the number 30 represents the second point gained in a game.
* Under [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] rules for women's [[basketball]], the offensive team has [[Shot clock|30 seconds]] to attempt a shot.
* As of 2012, three of the four [[Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada|traditional major leagues in the United States and Canada]] ([[Major League Baseball|MLB]], the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]], and the [[National Hockey League|NHL]]) have 30 teams each.
*The [[Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim|California Angels]] (now Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim) baseball team retired the number in honor of its most notable wearer, [[Nolan Ryan]], on June 16, 1992. (Ryan is the only major league player to have his number retired by three different teams, though the other two teams retired number 34 for him rather than 30).<ref>[http://texas.rangers.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/tex/history/retired_numbers.jsp Texas Rangers Retired Number History on mlb.com] Retrieved May 18, 2006. Note however that [[Jackie Robinson]]'s number 42 was retired by Major League Baseball for all teams.</ref> The [[San Francisco Giants]] extended the same honor to [[Orlando Cepeda]]. While on the [[Chicago White Sox]], [[Nick Swisher]] wore the number 30 and was known as "The Dirty 30".
*30 is one of the more common numbers worn by hockey goaltenders (along with 31).
*The number of [[New Jersey Devils]] goalie, [[Martin Brodeur]]
*[[Lewis Hamilton]] became the 30th Formula One World Champion on November 2, 2008.

==Music==
*The number of variations in [[Bach]]'s [[Goldberg variations|Goldberg Variations]]
*''[[30 (album)|30]]'', album from 2001 by [[Harry Connick, Jr.]]
*[[Thirty Seconds to Mars]]
*[[30 Minutes]], a song by t.A.T.u
* Thirty, 2013 album by [[Anthony Callea]]

==References==

<references/>

{{Integers|zero}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:30 (Number)}}
[[Category:Integers]]

State function - Revision history

en>ClueBot NG: Reverting possible vandalism by 101.60.3.8 to version by Anadessma. False positive? Report it. Thanks, ClueBot NG. (2072444) (Bot)

81.206.152.250: /* List of state functions */