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{{Unreferenced stub|auto=yes|date=December 2009}}
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{{String theory|cTopic=Theory}}
In [[theoretical physics]], '''type I string theory''' is one of five consistent supersymmetric [[string theory|string theories]] in ten dimensions. It is the only one whose strings are unoriented (both orientations of a string are equivalent) and which contains not only [[closed string]]s, but also [[open string]]s.
 
The classic 1976 work of [[Ferdinando Gliozzi]], [[Joel Scherk]] and [[David Olive]] paved the way to a systematic understanding of the rules behind string spectra in cases where only [[closed string]]s are present via [[modular invariance]] but did not lead to similar progress for models with closed strings, despite the fact that the original discussion was based on the type I string theory.  
 
As first proposed by [[Augusto Sagnotti]] in 1987, the type I string theory can be obtained as an [[orientifold]] of [[type IIB string]] theory, with 32 half-[[D9-brane]]s added in the vacuum to cancel various [[anomaly (physics)|anomalies]].
 
At low energies, type I string theory is described by the N=1 [[supergravity]] (type I supergravity) in ten dimensions coupled to the SO(32) [[supersymmetric]] [[Yang-Mills theory]]. The discovery in 1984 by [[Michael Green (physicist)|Michael Green]] and [[John H. Schwarz]] that anomalies in type I string theory cancel sparked the [[first superstring revolution]]. However, a key property of these models, shown by A. Sagnotti in 1992, is that in general the Green-Schwarz mechanism takes a more general form, and involves several two forms in the cancellation mechanism.  
 
The relation between the type-IIB string theory and the type-I string theory has a large number of surprising consequences, both
in ten and in lower dimensions, that were first displayed by the String Theory group at the University of Rome "Tor Vergata" in the early Nineties. It opened the way to the construction of entire new classes of string spectra with or without supersymmetry. [[Joseph Polchinski]]'s work on D-branes provided a geometrical interpretation for these results in terms of extended objects ([[D-brane]], [[orientifold]]).
 
In the 1990s it was first argued by [[Edward Witten]] that type I string theory with the string coupling constant <math>g</math> is equivalent to the SO(32) [[heterotic string]] with the coupling <math>1/g</math>. This equivalence is known as [[S-duality]].
 
References
 
[1] F. Gliozzi, J. Scherk and D.I. Olive, ``Supersymmetry, Supergravity Theories And The Dual Spinor Model,'' Nucl. Phys. B122 (1977) 253.
 
[2] E. Witten, ``String theory dynamics in various dimensions,'' Nucl. Phys. B443 (1995) 85 [arXiv:hep-th/9503124].
 
[3] J. Polchinski, S. Chaudhuri and C.V. Johnson, ``Notes on D-Branes,'' arXiv:hep-th/9602052.
 
[4] C. Angelantonj and A. Sagnotti, ``Open strings,'' Phys. Rept. 1 [Erratum-ibid. ) 339] [arXiv:hep-th/0204089].
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Type I String Theory}}
[[Category:String theory]]
 
{{String-theory-stub}}

Latest revision as of 01:27, 8 December 2014

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